Hermeneutika Al-Qur'an dan Pluralisme Agama: Kajian atas Ayat-Ayat Toleransi dalam Perspektif Mufasir Indonesia

Abstract

This study examines how Indonesian Qur'anic interpreters respond to the challenge of religious pluralism through the interpretation of Qur'anic verses related to inter-religious relations and tolerance. Using a comparative hermeneutical analysis approach, this study analyzes the interpretations of five Indonesian scholars toward key verses that are often debated in the context of Islam's relationship with other religions, namely Q.S. al-Baqarah: 256, Q.S. al-Kafirun: 1-6, Q.S. al-Hujurat: 13, Q.S. al-Mumtahanah: 8, and Q.S. al-Maidah: 51. The study reveals that Indonesian scholars have developed at least three distinct hermeneutical approaches in addressing religious pluralism, namely the inclusivist approach that acknowledges the truth in other religions while affirming the completeness of Islam, the pluralist approach that recognizes the equal salvific value of multiple religious paths, and the dialogist approach that emphasizes open and respectful dialogue between religions without claims about soteriological equality. This study concludes that the diversity of hermeneutical approaches in Indonesian Muslim scholarship reflects both the richness of the Islamic intellectual tradition and the distinctive social context of a religiously pluralistic nation.