Psychological Dimensions of Educational Leadership in Islamic Schools: Perception, Attribution, and Emotional Management in Principal Decision-Making
Keywords:
Perception, Attribution, Emotional Management, Madrasah Leadership, Educational Decision-MakingAbstract
Madrasah principals, as apex decision-makers in Islamic educational institutions, operate within a complex interplay of psychological forces that fundamentally shape institutional governance. This study investigates how three core psychological dimensions, perception, attribution, and emotional management, interact to influence the decision-making processes of a madrasah principal at Madrasah Aliyah (MA) Al Washoya Ngoro Jombang, East Java, Indonesia. Employing a qualitative case study design, data were gathered through in-depth interviews, participatory observation, and documentary analysis with purposively selected informants, including the principal, the curriculum vice-principal, and members of the teachers’ council. Thematic data analysis was conducted through iterative reduction, presentation, and interpretive conclusion. The findings demonstrate that (1) accurate and constructive perceptions enable the principal to cultivate collaborative and conducive working relationships; (2) fair and reflective attribution fosters psychological safety among teaching staff; and (3) emotionally stable and spiritually grounded leadership reinforces judicious and empathetic decision-making. These three dimensions are shown to be mutually reinforcing, collectively producing a model of humanistic, values-based leadership that is contextually responsive to the socio-religious environment of Islamic education. This study contributes to the growing body of literature on psychology-informed educational leadership and offers practical implications for principal capacity development in Islamic school settings.
References
Al-Azan, M., Rahuda, R., & Hasanah, N. (2025). Persepsi dan teori atribusi Kelley. Jurnal Manajemen Dakwah dan Ilmu Komunikasi, 1(2), 115–124. https://journal.jmdikpublisher.com/jmdik/article/view/12
Al Hakim, Y. R., Sagita, D. S., & Irfan, M. (2024). Eksplorasi peran kepemimpinan transformasional dalam mendorong inovasi organisasi. Journal of Syntax Admiration, 5(5), 1630–1637. https://doi.org/10.46799/jsa.v5i5.1147
Anas, I. (2024). Peran dan fungsi kepala madrasah dalam meningkatkan profesionalisme guru. Salimiya: Jurnal Studi Ilmu Keagamaan Islam, 5(4), 401–409. https://doi.org/10.58401/salimiya.v5i4.1891
Ayuningtyas, D. (2017). Peranan kepemimpinan kepala sekolah dalam meningkatkan kinerja guru. At-Ta’dib: Jurnal Ilmiah Prodi Pendidikan Agama Islam, 1–29. https://ejournal.staindirundeng.ac.id/index.php/tadib/article/view/31
Hadikusumo, R. A., Subhan, M., Murcahyanto, H., et al. (2025). Kepemimpinan dan pengambilan keputusan. Cendikia Mulia Mandiri.
Idris, A., Syarifudin, E., & Gunawan, A. (2025). Peran pemimpin pembelajar dalam pembelajaran yang berkualitas. Academia: Jurnal Inovasi Riset Akademik, 5(2), 105–116. https://doi.org/10.51878/academia.v5i2.4980
Ixfina, F. D. (2024). Dinamika interaksi sosial di lingkungan Madrasah Ibtidaiyah Nurul Yaqin Surabaya. Tarsib: Jurnal Program Studi PGMI, 1(2), 1–9. https://doi.org/10.61181/tarsib.v1i2.381
Heider, F. (1958). The psychology of interpersonal relations. John Wiley & Sons. https://doi.org/10.1037/10628-000
Lubis, N. S. (2022). Pembentukan akhlak siswa di madrasah: Kontribusi lingkungan sekolah, kompetensi guru, dan mutu pendidikan. Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam Al-Thariqah, 7(1), 137–156. https://doi.org/10.25299/al-thariqah.2022.vol7(1).8847
Muharram, K. A., Ikhsan, I., Anam, K. S., Zulviah, S., & Maulida, A. (2024). Analisis bibliometrik: Tren penelitian dan publikasi teori atribusi. Comdent: Communication Student Journal, 2(1), 176–193. https://doi.org/10.24198/comdent.v2i1.55673
Mulyana, A., Vidiati, C., Danarahmanto, P. A., et al. (2024). Metode penelitian kualitatif. Penerbit Widina.
Nurhaedah, A., & Kadir, S. (2024). Motivasi kepala sekolah dalam menciptakan iklim kerja di Madrasah Aliyah DDI Kelurahan Baru Kabupaten Tolitoli. Journal of Educational Management and Islamic Leadership (JEMIL), 3(1), 1–15. https://doi.org/10.56338/jemil.v4i01.5007
Parawitha, A. A. G. A., & Gorda, A. A. N. E. S. (2017). Pengaruh kecerdasan spiritual, kecerdasan emosional, kepemimpinan transformasional terhadap kepuasan kerja dan kinerja. Jurnal Ilmiah Manajemen dan Bisnis, 2(2), 347–359.https://journal.undiknas.ac.id/index.php/manajemen/article/view/2088
Rachmiatie, A. (2001). Profil jurnalis di era reformasi: Studi kualitatif dengan pendekatan sense making tentang profil sumber daya manusia di media cetak, radio, dan televisi. Mediator: Jurnal Komunikasi, 2(1), 101–114. https://doi.org/10.29313/mediator.v2i1.722
Rohmansyah, M. S., Zohriah, A., Firdaos, R., & Syarifudin, E. (2024). Dimensi spiritual dalam kepemimpinan pendidikan Islam melalui model kepemimpinan Nabi Muhammad SAW. Geneologi PAI: Jurnal Pendidikan Agama Islam, 11(2), 126–147. https://doi.org/10.32678/geneologipai.v11i2.9540
Rosita, I. (2024). Gaya kepemimpinan, komunikasi, dan pengambilan keputusan dalam meningkatkan efektivitas manajemen pada lembaga pendidikan Islam. Jurnal Tarbiyah Almuslim, 2(2), 137–151. https://doi.org/10.71025/x3n19229
Sakiah, N. A., & Effendi, K. N. S. (2021). Analisis kebutuhan multimedia interaktif berbasis PowerPoint materi aljabar pada pembelajaran matematika SMP. JP3M: Jurnal Penelitian Pendidikan dan Pengajaran Matematika, 7(1), 39–48. https://doi.org/10.37058/jp3m.v7i1.2623
Salsabilla, I. S., Niswah, S., & Jaya, A. I. A. (2024). Persepsi guru dan siswa terhadap manajemen akreditasi di sekolah menengah atas. Dirasat: Jurnal Manajemen dan Pendidikan Islam, 10(2), 227–246. https://doi.org/10.26594/dirasat.v10i2.5332
Satria, R., Fauzan, F., & Muhammad, A. F. (2025). Analisis faktor-faktor penyebab stres kerja terhadap kinerja guru: Studi literatur komprehensif. Jurnal Riset dan Inovasi Pembelajaran, 5(1), 249–263. https://doi.org/10.51574/jrip.v5i1.2889
Schein, E. H. (2010). Organizational culture and leadership. John Wiley & Sons.
Setyobudi, F. D. A. (2024). Analisis gaya kepemimpinan guru terhadap motivasi belajar siswa pada siswa kelas IV Madrasah Ibtidaiyah. Jurnal Ilmiah Pendidik Indonesia, 3(2), 1–12. https://doi.org/10.56916/jipi.v3i2.990
Thalib, D., Fitriana, D., Anou, E., Maisyaroh, M., & Sumarsono, R. B. (2019). Atribusi bawahan terhadap pemimpin berkarisma. Tarbawi: Jurnal Keilmuan Manajemen Pendidikan, 5(2), 205–216. https://doi.org/10.32678/tarbawi.v5i02.2088
Zulkarnain, I., & Salito, S. (2025). Membangun kepemimpinan organisasi efektif di era kecerdasan emosi: Sebuah kerangka konseptual. Jurnal Pendidikan, Sosial dan Pengabdian Masyarakat, 2(1), 76–80. https://doi.org/10.5281/zenodo.15545613
