Retraction Policy

Edusantri respects the integrity of the scholarly record and will retract published articles where compelling evidence exists under the following circumstances:

• There are major errors in the research methodology or data that fundamentally affect the validity of the findings.
• The article is found to contain plagiarism of a significant proportion.
• Serious research ethics violations are established, including data fabrication or manipulation.
• The article is found to have been previously published elsewhere (duplicate publication) without transparent disclosure.
• Unauthorised changes to authorship composition are identified, indicating a violation of authorship ethics.

Article retractions are carried out in accordance with COPE guidelines. Retracted articles will remain accessible in the journal’s database, clearly marked as RETRACTED, accompanied by a separate statement explaining the grounds for retraction. The decision to retract an article is the exclusive authority of the Editor-in-Chief, following a careful investigation and having afforded authors the opportunity to respond.